Education and Employment Issues in Malaysia

fostering and Employ workforcet Issues in MalaysiaIntroductionEducation is rapidly in Malaysia since independence. Education in Malaysia consist five stages of in brass which atomic number 18 pre-school, firsthand cultivation, secondary teachingal activity, tertiary breeding and post-graduate education. Education muckle be seen as the process which is transmits its knowledge, values and skills from single generation to the next generation. In this education is not used only to instill the values and norms of a assumption society. Different forms of education see different stucture of attainment that define the learning process.Education is as a tool to reduce poverty, restructure the parsimony and to raise the standard of living for the population in this country. The government must(prenominal) take a serious stand of the on the development of high and smooth education to work variation. Education is one of the most briny(prenominal) investment that country tail describe it to reducing poverty and inequality.With education, it order a people critical skills and tools to help them better to provide for themselves and their children. Besides, it dissolve helps people to work better and create opportunities for sustainable economic produce now and into the future. Girls and boys who learn to read, write and count leave behind provide a better future for families and country. In short, education has the power that can make the man a better place.The raising of quality education in the country is critical for Malaysia to achieve a high effecting education trunk which provides the human capital requiremented for a high income economy. It is cardinal to ensure the stability of the individual in neighborly function whereas upright education gives way to the status of a vocation and a bang-up salary, head positively to the sosioeconomy impact and generate psychological development. Many of come in that faced by Malaysias education sy stem in managing the inflection of those who complete their studies as they enter the world of work such(prenominal) as the problem of job mismatches, gender unstableness in education and so on. So this topic can analyze what swerves that faced by Malaysias education system.Problems faced by employers in hiring snappy graduatesFrom the graph in a high place the command problems is distressing command of English (55.8%) and these skills atomic number 18 deficiencying among bran- tonic graduatres. Fresh graduates must have skills when they be applying a job which be devide to two categories comprising hard skills and dotty skills. Hard skills is a mastery and rule of a body knowledge whereas soft skills be the development of largerly secrete and itra-personnel skills.Issues in educationThe problem of job mismatchesMismatches of qualifications with employers needs means that what is pass judgment by the employers in the job mart does not match (Kalaimagal and Norizan, 2012). escape of experience ar the report cause of unemployment among fresh graduates. The market is oversupplied with preadolescent and inexperience graduates as the number of graduates increasing over the year. The graduate stuff has resulted that imbalance of the number graduates in the relation of the job opportunities available in the market.According to the article on Close to half of Malaysian graduates all jobless or utilize in mismatches fields, which is attributes up the 40% public university graduates in Malaysia atomic number 18 either jobless or argon stuck in mismatches occupation on July 27, 2013. In this article, one of the ways of overcoming such problems is to encourage more(prenominal) (graduates) to be more entrepreneurial and to do that, must ensure they have more experience that will enable them to be more sustainable. Among the reason side for the unemployment was the insufficiency of language attainment specially in English as well as not having nice knowledge and fightncy in the jobs that they applied for.The skills mismatches between employers and worker is one is one of many reasons lead storying to high graduate unemployment. Malaysia has produced many competent workers in IT, science, and pro graduates that were aim to increase RD and raise productivity in our key leading sectors. The absence of quality leading institutions to absorb the lead such initiatives has resulted in high unemployment.Gender Imbalance In EducationGender inequality in education and employment poses a major challenge to development. The effeminate advantage in terms of tertiary enrollment does not necessary directly into advantageous participation in the repulse market. Although women be likely more than man to have a university education, female graduate are more likely than male graduates to be overturn paying jobs or to be unemployed. Female enrolment has outnumber of males and this phenomenon has been attributed to the impudently gender gap.Closing the gender gap education has now develop forth a development priority. This identified that education is the primary vehicle for fair sex that not only to build basic capabilities but overly to gambol a meaningful role in bring equitable social and economic development. The government regards education is an important tool to empower the women of Malaysia and invariably strengthened its education system in addition to providing more educational opportunities for woman. Now, in our system woman in Malaysia are attending universities and are enrolled in dissimilar courses such as arts and humanities, science and technology as well as vocational and technical field. Males need to perform well at the school train in order to compete for places in university. Fewer high paying jobs would be available to men leading to changes in future workforce composition.Table 8.3 below in 2013 show the percentage and ratio of students at public higher education institutes by gender. Percentage of female students is the higher which is 61.02% than the male students which is 38.98%. This data showed the imbalances of gender between female and male students. This is because female students more to hardworking and to study in the higher instituition than male students.Lack of Science and Technical GraduatesMalaysia is expiry to the rapid shift of production based economy to knowledge-based economy, so companies are progressively needed more of science and technical graduates. On the otherwise hands, new-fangled graduates who are not meeting needs of industry delinquent to the lack of crucial skills and innovations.So, it will be difficult when many companies are not willing to invest time and money to train new graduates due to budget and time constraints because companies have to conduct learning workshops and courses which can be typically take up to two years.Some employers poor in English command of the English language among fresh graduates. I n general, local graduates are highly qualified but not upright in English language.Lack of skills issue indulgent skills are untechnical skills such as communication, counsel and lead which are undeniable to prosperous practice. This is because majority of students are not confident with their soft. leisurely skills are very important in securing a job in the job market. They are unable to communicate effectively because they lack confident and have a poor command in English language. In addition, local companies are demanding English proficiency too (The Star, 10 April 2011). Even local company, they are looking for graduates who are creative, inventive and bold to success in the market job.It had stated that most employees require workers to possess qualities such as right attitude, strong work ethics, and the ability to communicate well, a willingness to learn and to contribute new ideas. It has been acknowledge by the general consensus of Malaysian employers that Malay sian graduates lack the soft skills although are well trained in their areas of specialization (Nurita, Shaharudin, Ainon, 2004). Soft skills is the most important skill, this is because they have to communicate clearly and persuasively during the job interviews. Malaysian education system focus to mental testing oriented. So, for those who complete their studies have a lack of these skill is common everywhere. Here, new graduate are a little more aware well-nigh it now and in that respect has been a slight improvement but the challenge are the same. in that respect is a fear of failure or being put in the spotlight.The Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) has identified seven soft skills that should be have by all graduates as indicated in the module for the Development of Soft Skills for Higher Learning Institution Malaysia, 2006 which include the skills for tertiary institutions need to infuse among the local graduates critical thinking and problem solving skills, communicat ion skills, long learning and information literacy, team working skills, professional ethics and morality, entrepreneurship skills and leading skills.Soft skills are identified as generic skills and require training in contrast to hard skills which are associated with procedures or tasks that are observable, metre and measurable. In facing the challenge of the job market, soft skills are required by university graduates. So, learning in tertiary classroom has moved external from teacher-centered to student-centered learning. Thus, it can be a necessary for those are searching a job nowadays especially for new graduates. Our system is through exam oriented, so many of the student are lack in their soft skills. In other to work transition is the supply of work to new fresh graduates are little bit. Many of company now need a graduates who have a soft skills that will be an innovative persons. So, our Malaysian education system must improve their system which is exam oriented.Anot her academic in a private institution of higher learning commented on lack of leadership in his institution. Poor leadership and lack of commitment and motivation from top management is one of the main reasons which creates a barrier to the growth and effectiveness of many private institutions and management school.A number of institutions employ retired academicians to occupy prime and decision-making positions and many of these retired academics lack vision, motivation and commitment with no interest in promoting the institutions and management education. persona IssueCompanies overwhelmingly agree that the content and quality of local university education do not adequately prepare students for the workforce while a weak basic education is also to be blame for producing graduates with adequate soft skills. The Malaysia education system must to differentiate between the various type of unemployment graduates, the reason why they are unable to find a work, and the interventions that must be taken to help them find employment.One mathematical explanation for the relatively high rate of graduate unemployment could be employers unwillingness to offer the level of compensation needed to meet the expectations of recent graduates and sop up the required talent. So, Malaysia need to address the mismatch in skill formation and build a functioning feedback mechanism between educational institutions and the industry.A university of Malaya seven year longitudinal study of the school work transition (Nagaraj et al., 2009 219) found that university graduates to have low regard for creativity and for risk taking. This bring us that fresh graduates increasingly view of the ability to think critically and creatively, and work independently. But graduates from Malaysian Universities seem to be lacking in these areas. In addition, government should look at improving incentives and recruitment for them for promoting professional development and career management (text book)Th rough the analysis of the current accomplishment of national education based on the blueprint, government public interrogative sentence lack of the ability to assess and reflect objectively the academic proficiency of students. This according to not only did our students performed poorly in higher level thinking, they also had difficulties with basic knowledge. This shows it is a very serious problem in managing the transition of our students.Besides, the public perception of the quality of education from industry attitude is based on the graph below. Industry perspective is refer to employers opinions about university graduates and these can be into five weaknesses listed as follows (Jobstreet survey, 2011) (1) unrealistic salary demands, (2) unfit character, attitude and personality, (3) poor command of English language, (4) lack of good communication skills, (5) too choosy about the job. Thus, issues are faced by Malaysias education system are students problem to more to thei r attitude. The problems not only in the students knowledge and learning skills but also in their ways to interacting with people and handle their personal matters.ConclusionAs the conclusion, Malaysian education system must have an incentive to managing work transition for those who complete their studies as they enter the world of work because many of fresh graduates had been seen was unemployment phenomenon. We notice there is over-emphasis on the number of students enrolment. This has reflected that our education is pay more attention to amount instead of quality.The issues such as the problem of job mismatches, gender imbalance in education, lack of science and technical graduates, lack of skills issue, quality issue can be a problem for education system in managing for those who complete their studies as they enter the world of work. This bring us that fresh graduates increasingly view of the ability to think critically and creatively, and work independently.Then, issues are faced by Malaysias education system are students problem to more to their attitude. The problems not only in the students knowledge and learning skills but also in their ways to interacting with people and handle their personal matters. This problem can be overcome among the students if they have alternatives to change their attitude. Thus, the work transition will be going smoothly.ReferencesAzina Ismail. (2011), Graduates Characteristics And Unemployment A Study Among Malaysian Graduates at https//www.google.com.my/ uniform resource locator?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0CBwQFjAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fijbssnet.com%2Fjournals%2FVol_2_No_16_September_2011%2F11.pdfei=q3VYVI3EMJS uQTtsoDwAQusg=AFQjCNG_ZNPiJMafyPAb3f2z9pKlwkR7ewsig2=oY8T8Hod1JLQLQzlES7X0wbvm=bv.78677474,d.c2EYu Ji. (July 27, 2013). Close to half of Malaysian graduates either jobless or employed in mismatches fields. The Star.Zainah Anwar. (July 13, 2007). Why boys are lagging behind girls. New promontory Times.Kalaimagal and Norizan. 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